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TCP Data Packet Encapsulation

TCP Data Packet Encapsulation :-

Each layer of the TCP/IP model adds its own header information. As the data travels down through the layers, it is encapsulated with a new header. At the network access layer, a trailer is also added. This encapsulation process can be described in five steps:-

Step 1 :-  Create and encapsulate the application data with any required application layer headers. For example, the HTTP OK message can be returned in an HTTP header, followed
by part of the contents of a web page.

Step 2 :-  Encapsulate the data supplied by the application layer inside a transport layer header. For end-user applications, a TCP or UDP header is typically used.

Step 3 :-  Encapsulate the data supplied by the transport layer inside an Internet layer (IP) header. IP is the only protocol available in the TCP/IP network model.

Step 4 :-  Encapsulate the data supplied by the Internet layer inside a network access layer header and trailer. This is the only layer that uses both a header and a trailer.

Step 5 :-  Transmit the bits. The physical layer encodes a signal onto the medium to transmit the frame.

TCP-Data-Packet-Encapsulation

 

Note :-  The letters LH and LT stand for link header and link trailer, respectively, and refer to the data link layer header and trailer

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